Controlled Atmosphere Technology

The transport of fresh produce is a complicated process because each variety of produce has unique characteristics that are related to recommended temperature, fresh air exchange, shelf life which affects the conditions in which they are carried in a reefer container. All fresh fruits and vegetables are living products and respire. The rate of respiration for any given product will depend on its variety (cultivar), area of growth and the seasonal and climatic conditions experienced during periods of growth. The storage life of produce varies inversely with the rate of respiration, which means that produce with short storage expectancy will usually have higher rates of respiration, eg fresh broccoli, lettuce, peas and sweetcorn. Conversely, potatoes, onions and some cultivars of grapes with low respiration rates have longer storage lives.

COOLTemp

Exterminate fruit flies and larvae

ONE COOLTemp technology provides customized in-transit handling process to meet stringent cold treatment protocol. It ensures your fresh produce meet local quarantine requirement by effectively kill fruit flies and larvae with precise control and continuous recording of pulp temperatures (USDA#1,2,3) at different location in the container according to specific cold treatment protocol of importing country. With CoolTemp cold treatment service, it eliminates the need for fumigation and allow fresh produce to enter market faster at optimum condition. For more information, please refer to our COOLTemp customer handout

Fruits that benefit from COOLTemp: Blueberry, Mandarin, Apple, Kiwi, Grape, Citrus, Stone fruit, Lychee, Longan, Starfruit

Fresh Air Ventilation

• Fruits and vegetables will continue to respire and produce heat and other gases (CO2 and ethylene). These gases can induce cargo damage such as discoloration and uncontrolled ripening, resulting in reduced shelf life.
• Therefore, heat and unwanted gases should be removed from the container through ventilation (Air Exchange). Reefer containers can provide vent openings in the 0-250 m3/h range.
• The required air exchange ratio varies from commodity’s respiration rates, ethylene production and sensitivity.
• There are 2 points to remember for setting up ventilator:
  1. In principle, ventilator should be closed except when transporting fresh produce (chilled mode).
  2. The maximum air exchange rates vary for different reefer machine makers. Hence, it is important to specify desired air exchange rates in M3/Hour (not in percentage %) to avoid confusion.

STARCOOL

DAIKIN

CARRIER

ONE reefer containers are incorporated with different reefer machine makers to ensure fresh air ventilation for the cargo.

De-Humidification

ONE reefer containers are equipped with dehumidification function (selectable range between 65% to 95% RH**) in order to prevent germination and decay; which is suitable for transport of some chilled reefer cargo such as fresh garlic, onions, flower bulbs

Key points:

• Reefer machine is only equipped with De-Humidification, so as not to increase humidity inside the container.
• De-humidification is activated should humidity inside the container is higher than the humidity setting.
• The performance of dehumidification depends on type of commodity, packaging and ventilation (air exchanges) and atmosphere condition (i.e. temperature and humidity level). Hence, there is no guarantee to keep the humidity setting.
• Reefer machine is equipped with heating elements and or re-heater coil (depending on machine make) enabling dehumidification.

Unit Specifications

ONE has one of the largest and modern integrated reefer container fleets in the world. These containers are made of modern materials and advanced light weight refrigeration units which ensure that customers can benefit from higher payload capacity in each container. These reefer containers are mainly of two sizes i.e. 20ft and 40 HC and built according to stringent testing and highest technical standards.

The refrigeration unit is built onto the nose of the container and power is provided by a motor generator (when container is on wheels), by terminal (when grounded in a yard) or by the ship (when laden on board). Air, cold or warm, is supplied to the inside of a container via an air duct system that enters the container from the bottom. Air circulates under, over and through the load before it returns to the refrigeration unit. This circulation is repeated continuously when the unit is in operation.

In the nose of each refrigeration units are adjustable ventilation holes. At specific settings, these vents allow fresh air exchanges to avoid a build-up of carbon dioxide inside the container. All fresh fruits and vegetables are living products and as a result, emit heat and carbon dioxide. Vents allow this warm toxic air to be expelled from the container to avoid spoilage. These advanced reefer containers are computerized, enabling highly precise temperature control. Transportation has become easier due to this type of precise control that ensures preserving the quality of foods such as meat, fish, eggs, vegetables and fruits, as well as films, plants and pharmaceuticals.

Benefits of Non-Operating Reefer (NOR) to Customers

Every year container shipping industry spends billions of dollars carrying empty reefer and dry containers to market demand locations around the world – which is logistically challenging and also inefficient in operations. NORs offer an opportunity to solve this problem thereby also contribute to reducing container shipping industry’s carbon foot prints.

Offering of Non-Operating Reefer (NOR) or Reefer as Dry (RAD), is to minimize empty reefer repositioning cost in Dry Dominant/Reefer Non-Dominant legs, especially out of Asia. ONE allows the use of reefer containers in non-operating mode to carry “approved” dry cargo to reefer demand origins. This type of cargo is known as NOR or RAD and is approved for packing into refrigerated containers for transportation without the refrigeration machinery being switched on. ONE’s NORs transport your dry cargo in a clean, food-grade insulated container with capabilities to protect against extreme shift in outside temperature.

SUPERIOR QUALITY OF CONTAINERS:

Reefer containers are generally used to carry perishable commodities only; hence quality and cleanliness of the containers surpass that of normal dry containers.

MINIMIZE TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATION:

Due to higher insulation quality of a Reefer container, NORs minimize temperature fluctuation impact to cargo during day and night. Typically commodities which are sensitive to temperature fluctuations are Chemicals/electronics devices/films/beans in bags etc.

PROTECTION AGAINST CONDENSATION AND MOISTURE:

Due to higher insulation quality of a Reefer container, NORs also provide protection to cargo against condensation and moisture.

IMMEDIATE BOOKING ACCEPTANCE, EQUIPMENT GUARANTEE, LOADING PRIORITY:

In trade lanes where ONE face typical reefer equipment imbalance, using NORs can also provide benefits to shippers such as immediate booking acceptance, equipment guarantees, loading priority over dry (although 'live' Reefer boxes will always take priority over NORs). Contact your ONE Local Sales representative for further details about ONE preferred port pairs to avail such benefits.

COMPETITIVE PRICING:

Possibility of better pricing compared to DRY at ONE Preferred port pairs. Contact your ONE Local Sales representative for further details about ONE preferred port pairs to avail such benefits.

MINIMAL DIMENSION DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 40 FT STANDARD DRY CONTAINER AND 40 HC REEFER CONTAINER

For more information, please refer to Non-Operating Reefer Brochure